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Oct 17, 2014
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Gingras, Bruno
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract None
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4070301
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Oct 16, 2014
10/14
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Boeckx, Cedric A.; Fujita, Koji
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract None
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4073197
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Oct 16, 2014
10/14
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Coco, Moreno I.; Dale, Rick
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract This paper describes the R package crqa to perform cross-recurrence quantification analysis of two time series of either a categorical or continuous nature. Streams of behavioral information, from eye movements to linguistic elements, unfold over time. When two people interact, such as in conversation, they often adapt to each other, leading these behavioral levels to exhibit recurrent states. In dialog, for example,...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4073592
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Oct 14, 2014
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Volkova, Ekaterina P.; Mohler, Betty J.; Dodds, Trevor J.; Tesch, Joachim; Bulthoff, Heinrich H.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Humans can recognize emotions expressed through body motion with high accuracy even when the stimuli are impoverished. However, most of the research on body motion has relied on exaggerated displays of emotions. In this paper we present two experiments where we investigated whether emotional body expressions could be recognized when they were recorded during natural narration. Our actors were free to use their entire body, face,...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4075474
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Oct 14, 2014
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Cohn, Neil
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract How do people make sense of the sequential images in visual narratives like comics? A growing literature of recent research has suggested that this comprehension involves the interaction of multiple systems: The creation of meaning across sequential images relies on a “narrative grammar” that packages conceptual information into categorical roles organized in hierarchic constituents. These images are encapsulated into panels...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4076615
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Oct 14, 2014
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Ghitza, Oded
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Studies on the intelligibility of time-compressed speech have shown flawless performance for moderate compression factors, a sharp deterioration for compression factors above three, and an improved performance as a result of “repackaging”—a process of dividing the time-compressed waveform into fragments, called packets, and delivering the packets in a prescribed rate. This intricate pattern of performance reflects the...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4082093
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Oct 28, 2014
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Bonn, Gregory B.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract This paper examines the concept of free will, or independent action, in light of recent research in psychology and neuroscience. Reviewing findings in memory, prospection, and mental simulation, as well as the neurological mechanisms underlying behavioral control, planning, and integration, it is suggested in accord with previous arguments (e.g., Wegner, 2003; Harris, 2012) that a folk conception of free will as entirely...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3856385
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Oct 28, 2014
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Bryant, Gregory A.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract Researchers studying the emotional impact of music have not traditionally been concerned with the principled relationship between form and function in evolved animal signals. The acoustic structure of musical forms is related in important ways to emotion perception, and thus research on non-human animal vocalizations is relevant for understanding emotion in music. Musical behavior occurs in cultural contexts that include many...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3872313
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Oct 23, 2014
10/14
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Gerrans, Philip
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract The ability to challenge and revise thoughts prompted by anomalous experiences depends on activity in right dorsolateral prefrontal circuitry. When activity in those circuits is absent or compromised subjects are less likely to make this kind of correction. This appears to be the cause of some delusions of misidentification consequent on experiences of hyperfamiliarity for faces. Comparing the way the mind responds to the...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3929836
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Oct 23, 2014
10/14
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Pehlivanoglu, Didem; Jain, Shivangi; Ariel, Robert; Verhaeghen, Paul
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract In the present study, we investigated age-related differences in the processing of emotional stimuli. Specifically, we were interested in whether older adults would show deficits in unbinding emotional expression (i.e., either no emotion, happiness, anger, or disgust) from bound stimuli (i.e., photographs of faces expressing these emotions), as a hyper-binding account of age-related differences in working memory would predict....
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4001040
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Oct 22, 2014
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Stein, Timo; Sterzer, Philipp
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract None
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4018522
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Oct 22, 2014
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Cummins, Jim
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract The paper addresses the intersections between research findings and Canadian educational policies focusing on four major areas: (a) core and immersion programs for the teaching of French to Anglophone students, (b) policies concerning the learning of English and French by students from immigrant backgrounds, (c) heritage language teaching, and (d) the education of Deaf and hard-of hearing students. With respect to the teaching...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4019877
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Oct 21, 2014
10/14
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Friend, Margaret; Bates, Raven Phoenix
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Oral narrative production develops dramatically from 3 to 5 years of age, and is a key factor in a child's ability to communicate about the world. Concomitant with this are developments in executive function (EF). For example, executive attention and behavioral inhibition show marked development beginning around 4 years of age. Both EF and oral narrative abilities have important implications for academic success, but the...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4033156
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Oct 21, 2014
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Coomans, Daphne; Vandenbossche, Jochen; Deroost, Natacha
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract We investigated the effect of a secondary task on implicit sequence learning in children and young adults. A serial reaction time (SRT) task was administered to 8-to-10 year old children and 18-to-22 year old adults. Participants reacted to the location of a target presented in one of four locations on the screen with a spatially corresponding response key. Unknown to participants, the location at which the target appeared was...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4033240
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Oct 21, 2014
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Leitan, Nuwan D.; Murray, Greg
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract As a discipline, psychology is defined by its location in the ambiguous space between mind and body, but theories underpinning the application of psychology in psychotherapy are largely silent on this fundamental metaphysical issue. This is a remarkable state of affairs, given that psychotherapy is typically a real-time meeting between two embodied agents, with the goal of facilitating behavior change in one party. The...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4033253
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Oct 21, 2014
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Engel de Abreu, Pascale M. J.; Abreu, Neander; Nikaedo, Carolina C.; Puglisi, Marina L.; Tourinho, Carlos J.; Miranda, Monica C.; Befi-Lopes, Debora M.; Bueno, Orlando F. A.; Martin, Romain
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract This study examined executive functioning and reading achievement in 106 6- to 8-year-old Brazilian children from a range of social backgrounds of whom approximately half lived below the poverty line. A particular focus was to explore the executive function profile of children whose classroom reading performance was judged below standard by their teachers and who were matched to controls on chronological age, sex, school type...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4050967
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Oct 18, 2014
10/14
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Wilkinson, Meredith R.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract None
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4058962
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Oct 17, 2014
10/14
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Moradi, Saleh; Nima, Ali A.; Rapp Ricciardi, Max; Archer, Trevor; Garcia, Danilo
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Background: Performance monitoring might have an adverse influence on call center agents' well-being. We investigate how performance, over a 6-month period, is related to agents' perceptions of their learning climate, character strengths, well-being (subjective and psychological), and physical activity.Method: Agents (N = 135) self-reported perception of the learning climate (Learning Climate Questionnaire), character strengths...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4066948
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Oct 14, 2014
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Izatt, Gregory; Dubois, Julien; Faivre, Nathan; Koch, Christof
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Different combinations of forward and backward masking as well as interocular suppression have been used extensively to render stimuli invisible and to study those aspects of visual stimuli that are processed in the absence of conscious experience. Although the two techniques—masking vs. interocular suppression—obviously differ both in their applications and mechanisms, only little effort has been made to compare them...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4083827
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Oct 14, 2014
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Remy, Allard; Faubert, Jocelyn
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Adding noise to a stimulus is useful to characterize visual processing. To avoid triggering a processing strategy shift between the processing in low and high noise, Allard and Cavanagh (2011) recommended using noise that is extended as a function of all dimensions such as space, time, frequency and orientation. Contrariwise, to avoid cross-channel suppression affecting contrast detection, Baker and Meese (2012) suggested using...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4093750
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Oct 13, 2014
10/14
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Funke, Joachim
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract None
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4099558
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Oct 9, 2014
10/14
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Craik, Fergus I. M.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract This commentary is a review of the findings and ideas reported in the preceding nine articles on the effects of distraction on aspects of cognitive performance. The articles themselves deal with the disruptive effects of distraction on recall of words, objects and events, also on visual processing, category formation and other cognitive tasks. The commentary assesses the part played by “domain-general” suppression of...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4114291
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Oct 3, 2014
10/14
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Morris, Bradley J.; Zentall, Shannon R.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract The type of praise children receive influences whether children choose to persist after failure. One mechanism through which praise affects motivation is through the causal attributions inferred from language. For example, telling a child “You got an A on the test because you’re smart,” provides an explicit link between possessing a trait and an outcome, specifically that intelligence causes success. Nonetheless, most...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4145712
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Oct 28, 2014
10/14
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Yang, Xiao-Fei; Bossmann, Julia; Schiffhauer, Birte; Jordan, Matthew; Immordino-Yang, Mary Helen
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 3 . Abstract Neural systems activated in a coordinated way during rest, known as the default mode network (DMN), also support autobiographical memory (AM) retrieval and social processing/mentalizing. However, little is known about how individual variability in reliance on personal memories during social processing relates to individual differences in DMN functioning during rest (intrinsic functional connectivity). Here we examined 18...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3538957
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Oct 25, 2014
10/14
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Arnaudova, Inna; Krypotos, Angelos-Miltiadis; Effting, Marieke; Boddez, Yannick; Kindt, Merel; Beckers, Tom
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract Complex fear learning procedures might be better suited than the common differential fear-conditioning paradigm for detecting individual differences related to vulnerability for anxiety disorders. Two such procedures are the blocking procedure and the protection-from-overshadowing procedure. Their comparison allows for the examination of discriminatory fear learning under conditions of ambiguity. The present study examined the...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3664781
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Oct 26, 2014
10/14
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Schlottmann, Anne; Cole, Katy; Watts, Rhianna; White, Marina
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract Humans, even babies, perceive causality when one shape moves briefly and linearly after another. Motion timing is crucial in this and causal impressions disappear with short delays between motions. However, the role of temporal information is more complex: it is both a cue to causality and a factor that constrains processing. It affects ability to distinguish causality from non-causality, and social from mechanical causality....
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3708160
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Oct 27, 2014
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von Haaren, Birte; Loeffler, Simone Nadine; Haertel, Sascha; Anastasopoulou, Panagiota; Stumpp, Juergen; Hey, Stefan; Boes, Klaus
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract Acute and regular exercise as well as physical activity (PA) is related to well-being and positive affect. Recent studies have shown that even daily, unstructured physical activities increase positive affect. However, the attempt to achieve adherence to PA or exercise in inactive people through public health interventions has often been unsuccessful. Most studies analyzing the activity-affect association in daily life, did not...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3619104
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Oct 24, 2014
10/14
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Haigh, Alastair; Brown, David J.; Meijer, Peter; Proulx, Michael J.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract Sensory substitution devices (SSDs) aim to compensate for the loss of a sensory modality, typically vision, by converting information from the lost modality into stimuli in a remaining modality. “The vOICe” is a visual-to-auditory SSD which encodes images taken by a camera worn by the user into “soundscapes” such that experienced users can extract information about their surroundings. Here we investigated how much detail...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3684791
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Oct 28, 2014
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Mori, Kensaku; Manabe, Hiroyuki; Narikiyo, Kimiya; Onisawa, Naomi
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract The orbitofrontal cortex receives multi-modality sensory inputs, including olfactory input, and is thought to be involved in conscious perception of the olfactory image of objects. Generation of olfactory consciousness may require neuronal circuit mechanisms for the “binding” of distributed neuronal activities, with each constituent neuron representing a specific component of an olfactory percept. The shortest neuronal...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3797617
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Oct 28, 2014
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Schlesinger, Matthew; Amso, Dima
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract We propose that free viewing of natural images in human infants can be understood and analyzed as the product of intrinsically-motivated visual exploration. We examined this idea by first generating five sets of center-of-gaze (COG) image samples, which were derived by presenting a series of natural images to groups of both real observers (i.e., 9-month-olds and adults) and artificial observers (i.e., an image-saliency model, an...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3813899
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Oct 20, 2014
10/14
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Hemmer, Pernille; Persaud, Kimele
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Categorical knowledge and episodic memory have traditionally been viewed as separate lines of inquiry. Here, we present a perspective on the interrelatedness of categorical knowledge and reconstruction from memory. We address three underlying questions: what knowledge do people bring to the task of remembering? How do people integrate that knowledge with episodic memory? Is this the optimal way for the memory system to work? In...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4052730
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Oct 10, 2014
10/14
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de Galan, Michiel; Sellaro, Roberta; Colzato, Lorenza S.; Hommel, Bernhard
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Stimulus-induced response conflict (e.g., in Simon or Stroop tasks) is often reduced after conflict trials—the Gratton effect. It is generally assumed that this effect is due to a strengthening of the representation of the current intention or goal, which in turn increases the degree of stimulus and/or response control. Recent evidence suggests that the motivational signal driving the Gratton effect might be affective in...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4106422
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Oct 4, 2014
10/14
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Gaschler, Robert; Progscha, Johanna; Smallbone, Kieran; Ram, Nilam; Bilalic, Merim
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Learning curves have been proposed as an adequate description of learning processes, no matter whether the processes manifest within minutes or across years. Different mechanisms underlying skill acquisition can lead to differences in the shape of learning curves. In the current study, we analyze the tournament performance data of 1383 chess players who begin competing at young age and play tournaments for at least 10 years. We...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4141457
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Oct 23, 2014
10/14
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Nair, Jayakrishnan; Topka, Marlene; Khani, Abbas; Isenschmid, Manuela; Rainer, Gregor
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Novelty preference is pervasive in mammalian species, and describes an inherent tendency to preferentially explore novelty. The novel location memory task studied here assesses the ability of animals to form accurate memories of a spatial configuration, consisting of several identical objects placed within an arena. Tree shrews were first familiarized with a particular object configuration during several sessions, and then an...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3995062
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Oct 21, 2014
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Thomas-Danguin, Thierry; Sinding, Charlotte; Romagny, Sebastien; El Mountassir, Fouzia; Atanasova, Boriana; Le Berre, Elodie; Le Bon, Anne-Marie; Coureaud, Gerard
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Smelling monomolecular odors hardly ever occurs in everyday life, and the daily functioning of the sense of smell relies primarily on the processing of complex mixtures of volatiles that are present in the environment (e.g., emanating from food or conspecifics). Such processing allows for the instantaneous recognition and categorization of smells and also for the discrimination of odors among others to extract relevant...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4040494
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Oct 28, 2014
10/14
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Rankin, Michelle L.; McCormack, Teresa
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract The temporal priority principle states that all causes must precede their effects. It is widely assumed that children’s causal reasoning is guided by this principle from early in development. However, the empirical studies that have examined children’s use of the principle, most of which were conducted some decades ago, in fact show inconsistent findings. Some researchers have argued that 3-year-olds reliably use this...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3647108
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Oct 28, 2014
10/14
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Brown, Liana E.; Goodale, Melvyn A.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract Research suggests that, like near-hand effects, visual targets appearing near the tip of a hand-held real or virtual tool are treated differently than other targets. This paper reviews neurological and behavioral evidence relevant to near-tool effects and describes how the effect varies with the functional properties of the tool and the knowledge of the participant. In particular, the paper proposes that motor knowledge plays a...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3759798
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Oct 29, 2014
10/14
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Xiang, Ming; Grove, Julian; Giannakidou, Anastasia
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract Previous psycholinguistics studies have shown that when forming a long distance dependency in online processing, the parser sometimes accepts a sentence even though the required grammatical constraints are only partially met. A mechanistic account of how such errors arise sheds light on both the underlying linguistic representations involved and the processing mechanisms that put such representations together. In the current...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3791380
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Oct 24, 2014
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Ogihara, Yuji; Uchida, Yukiko
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract We examined the negative effects of individualism in an East Asian culture. Although individualistic systems decrease interpersonal relationships through competition, individualistic values have prevailed in European American cultures. One reason is because individuals could overcome negativity by actively constructing interpersonal relationships. In contrast, people in East Asian cultures do not have such strategies to overcome...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3942875
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Oct 18, 2014
10/14
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Meyer, Georg F.; Spray, Amy; Fairlie, Jo E.; Uomini, Natalie T.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Current neuroimaging techniques with high spatial resolution constrain participant motion so that many natural tasks cannot be carried out. The aim of this paper is to show how a time-locked correlation-analysis of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) lateralization data, obtained with functional TransCranial Doppler (fTCD) ultrasound, can be used to infer cerebral activation patterns across tasks. In a first experiment we...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4059176
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Oct 13, 2014
10/14
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Mellier, Denis
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract This paper aims to review the topic of psychic envelopes and to sketch the main outlines of this concept in infancy. We first explore the origins of the concept in Freud's “protective shield” and then its development in adult psychoanalysis before going on to see how this fits in infancy with post-Bionian psychoanalysis and development. Four central notions guide this review: (1) Freud's “protective shield” describes a...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4097205
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Oct 23, 2014
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Meule, Adrian; Lutz, Annika P. C.; Krawietz, Vera; Stutzer, Judith; Vogele, Claus; Kubler, Andrea
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Behavioral inhibition is one of the basic facets of executive functioning and is closely related to self-regulation. Impulsive reactions, that is, low inhibitory control, have been associated with higher body mass index (BMI), binge eating, and other problem behaviors (e.g., substance abuse, pathological gambling, etc.). Nevertheless, studies which investigated the direct influence of food-cues on behavioral inhibition have been...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3952046
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Oct 23, 2014
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Chung, Charles Y. L.; Khuu, Sieu K.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract In the present study we addressed whether the processing of global form and motion was dependent on visual awareness. Continuous flash suppression (CFS) was used to suppress from awareness global dot motion (GDM) and Glass pattern stimuli. We quantified the minimum time taken for both pattern types to break suppression with the signal coherence of the pattern (0, 25, 50, and 100% signal) and the type of global structure...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3953956
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Oct 23, 2014
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Lalot, Fanny; Delplanque, Sylvain; Sander, David
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract It is often acknowledged that mindfulness facilitates emotion regulation on a long-term scale. Only few empirical studies support the hypothesis that even a brief mindfulness induction among subjects without previous experience of meditation allows an effective reduction of both positive and negative emotions. To the best of our knowledge, this hypothesis has never been tested when comparing mindfulness to other regulation...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3970027
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Oct 23, 2014
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Orban, Guy A.; Caruana, Fausto
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract In this review, we propose that the neural basis for the spontaneous, diversified human tool use is an area devoted to the execution and observation of tool actions, located in the left anterior supramarginal gyrus (aSMG). The aSMG activation elicited by observing tool use is typical of human subjects, as macaques show no similar activation, even after an extensive training to use tools. The execution of tool actions, as well as...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3988392
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Oct 22, 2014
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Fingelkurts, Andrew A.; Fingelkurts, Alexander A.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract None
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4013454
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Oct 22, 2014
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Caselli, Naomi K.; Cohen-Goldberg, Ariel M.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract Psycholinguistic theories have predominantly been built upon data from spoken language, which leaves open the question: How many of the conclusions truly reflect language-general principles as opposed to modality-specific ones? We take a step toward answering this question in the domain of lexical access in recognition by asking whether a single cognitive architecture might explain diverse behavioral patterns in signed and...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4030144
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Oct 17, 2014
10/14
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Hamlin, J. K.
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 5 . Abstract The ability to distinguish friends from foes allows humans to engage in mutually beneficial cooperative acts while avoiding the costs associated with cooperating with the wrong individuals. One way to do so effectively is to observe how unknown individuals behave toward third parties, and to selectively cooperate with those who help others while avoiding those who harm others. Recent research suggests that a preference for...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4061491
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Oct 25, 2014
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Zimmermann, Kristin M.; Bischoff, Matthias; Lorey, Britta; Stark, Rudolf; Munzert, Jorn; Zentgraf, Karen
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 3 . Abstract Research on motor-related attentional foci suggests that switching from an internal to an external focus of attention has advantageous effects on motor performance whereas switching from an external to an internal focus has disadvantageous effects. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the neural correlates of switching the focus of attention. Two experimental groups were trained to apply one focus...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3581438
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Oct 27, 2014
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Willemet, Romain
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This article is from Frontiers in Psychology , volume 4 . Abstract Despite decades of research, some of the most basic issues concerning the extraordinarily complex brains and behavior of birds and mammals, such as the factors responsible for the diversity of brain size and composition, are still unclear. This is partly due to a number of conceptual and methodological issues. Determining species and group differences in brain composition requires accounting for the presence of...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3696912
